Introduction
How medicinal, effective, or safe is the use of sarsaparilla herb, its supplements, or tea forms? Read this article to debunk nutrition myths surrounding this herb and understand why long-term safety concerns exist for its usage. Discover the latest research findings and expert opinions on the potential benefits and risks associated with sarsaparilla consumption. Gain insights into its historical uses, pharmacological properties, and considerations for incorporating it into the wellness routine responsibly.
What Is Sarsaparilla?
Sarsaparilla is a medicinal plant or herb that has been utilized in traditional and alternative medicine due to the potent properties attributed to its medicinal root. Historically, practitioners worldwide employed this plant's root for treating various conditions, such as skin ailments, coughs, colds, flu-like symptoms, as well as hepatic and renal issues.
Belonging to the genus Smilax, sarsaparilla typically thrives in the deep rainforests of warm climates, spanning regions including the Caribbean, Mexico, Central, and South America, and the West Indies. Known by various names, such as Khao yern, Jupicanga, Liseron epineux, and Zarzaparrillla in different regions, these are all aliases for the sarsaparilla plant. Sarsaparilla is a common ingredient in many herbal preparations and pharmaceutical products, particularly those aimed at immune support or alleviating joint inflammation.
The plant's medicinal properties are primarily attributed to the active chemical compounds found in its stem, namely saponins and phytosterols. Saponins, studied by nutritionists, are potent anti-inflammatory compounds that combat bacterial infections in humans, while phytosterols, the plant's sterols, are purportedly cardioprotective and support heart health.
What Are the Busting Myths About Sarsaparilla Infusions?
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Sarsaparilla is not to be confused with the fake version, Indian sarsaparilla (botanically known as Hemidesmus indicus), as they are completely different plants.
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Most modern-day beverages or candies labeled as containing sarsaparilla do not incorporate the traditional plant discussed here; instead, they often contain only artificial flavors or colors.
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One may have heard of the cowboys of the Old West who enjoyed "sarsaparilla soda," known for its distinctive sweet-bitter flavor profile. However, this beverage is entirely different and does not include any ingredients from the original sarsaparilla plant. Instead, it incorporates sassafras flavoring, which is used for medicinal and flavoring purposes. Sassafras may contain the safrole compound, potentially toxic, raising safety concerns about "sarsaparilla soda", unrelated to the original herb.
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Many athletes mistakenly believe sarsaparilla enhances endurance or performance, considering it a source of testosterone (a male sex hormone). However, this is a nutrition myth, as sarsaparilla's saponins only mimic estrogen (a female sex hormone) and testosterone in the human body. It is essential to recognize that human testosterone cannot be obtained from any plant source.
What Are the Contraindications of Sarsaparilla Infusions?
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Due to the complete lack of scientific evidence showing sarsaparilla's safety during pregnancy, it is advisable to refrain from consuming it in any form during pregnancy or lactation.
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According to current medical research, the use of sarsaparilla in patients with kidney disease may exacerbate kidney impairment. Extreme caution is advised, and consumption of this herb in any form is not recommended for patients on systemic medications or with renal (kidney) or hepatic (liver) issues.
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While limited research suggests that asthma (chronic lung disease) may be caused by exposure to sarsaparilla root dust in an occupational setting, several nutrition researchers have also raised concerns that consumption of this herb may worsen clinical symptoms in asthma patients. Therefore, it is contraindicated in this condition.
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Sarsaparilla may act as a diuretic, leading to increased urination and potential dehydration (loss of body fluid). Individuals predisposed to systemic or hepato-renal diseases are at heightened risk and should avoid its consumption due to the increased risk of dehydration.
Why Is Sarsaparilla Herb Considered Potentially Beneficial?
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Herbal teas or supplements containing sarsaparilla are often used by proponents of traditional or alternative medicine to alleviate flu-like symptoms or general cough and cold symptoms. However, scientific evidence supporting its potential to boost immunity or combat bacterial infections remains inconclusive, even after preliminary research.
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According to preliminary animal model studies, the flavonoid compounds isolated from sarsaparilla root demonstrate the ability to suppress T lymphocytes and alleviate skin-related inflammation. An alternative preliminary study conducted among Aboriginal people in Australia suggests sarsaparilla's potential in treating skin ailments and infections. However, these uses lack comprehensive support from scientific evidence and necessitate further investigation in human models.
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Sarsaparilla was historically used as a remedy for syphilis, a common STD (sexually transmitted disease). However, contemporary medical practice restricts the use of standard conventional drugs prescribed exclusively by registered medical professionals for treating STDs like syphilis. Therefore, relying solely on sarsaparilla for this purpose may be ill-advised from both scientific and safety perspectives.
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In rodent studies, researchers also conducting acute and chronic toxicity examinations to understand the long-term medicinal use of sarsaparilla concluded that its components may possess anticancer properties with limited side effects, attributed to polyphenols exhibiting anti-tumor activities. Nevertheless, these findings are based solely on in vitro studies, and concerns about the herb's long-term safety and efficacy persist.
What Is the Availability of Sarsaparilla Infusions?
One can find traditional sarsaparilla separately as the herb in local grocery stores, health food stores, organic sections, or online retail and supplement stores. Additionally, sarsaparilla plant-based products are commonly found in commercial teas, herbal supplements, powders, and capsules. These products cater to a wide range of preferences and dietary needs, ensuring accessibility for those seeking the potential benefits of sarsaparilla. Whether one prefers a convenient capsule, a soothing herbal tea, or the versatility of a powder, there is a sarsaparilla product to suit lifestyle and wellness goals. Plus, with the increasing popularity of natural remedies, one will likely find sarsaparilla options available in various forms to meet needs.
Conclusion
While herbal infusions of the root are commonly used in teas and supplements, there is limited scientific evidence to substantiate the purported health benefits of sarsaparilla in humans. Additionally, according to current medical research, the long-term efficacy of this herbal infusion is lacking, raising safety concerns for use in high-risk populations, such as pregnant or nursing individuals. Further studies are needed to elucidate the potential risks and benefits associated with prolonged sarsaparilla consumption, particularly in vulnerable populations. Clarifying its safety profile and effectiveness could provide valuable insights for both healthcare practitioners and consumers seeking alternative remedies.
