Introduction
Oregano (Origanum vulgare) is a popular dried spice primarily used in Greek and Italian cooking. The flowering plant Origanum vulgare is a member of the mint (Apiaceae) family. The oregano family is closely related to marjoram, thyme, basil, sage, and lavender. All of these are apt culinary substitutes for oregano. Cooks use fresh oregano or can add it to most recipes in dried or ground form. The oregano spice has a warm taste described by most people as bitter, musty, or mint flavored. Oregano and oregano oil (yielded from the oregano spice) has been widely researched for its multiple health benefits.
What Are the Medical Indications of Oregano?
Oregano and oregano oil are used for many medicinal purposes. Some nutritionists believe that oregano's strong camphor-like aroma can relieve the symptoms of several upper respiratory tract disorders, such as cough, asthma, allergies, and bronchitis (inflammation of the air passages). Oregano can also treat heartburn, bloating, diabetes mellitus, parasitic infections, menstrual pain, joint pains, urinary tract infections (UTIs), headaches, heart conditions, and high cholesterol. However, limited research exists about the clinical use of oregano in treating these conditions. Still, it remains a popular spice in patients suffering from the above. Similarly, oregano oil is used to treat gum disease, toothaches, dandruff, acne, warts, and muscle pain. Further, oregano oil is also used as an insect repellent and in treating insect bites.
What Are the Potential Systemic Benefits of Oregano?
Researchers have found that oregano extract ointment is capable of potent wound healing and may accelerate the healing of surgical wounds. However, further studies are needed to confirm the same.
Oregano is one of the several ingredients used in manufacturing herbal pain-relieving supplements. The supplements can boost the immune response, heart health, and joint functions in individuals. However, the efficacy of the supplements is not proven completely because only preliminary studies suggest that the supplement may have some potential benefits. Also, more clinical research is needed to confirm the use of oregano in the supplement as an immunity booster.
What Are the Nutrient Antioxidants in Oregano?
Oregano contains high levels of compounds such as rosmarinic acid, thymol, and carvacrol, which exhibit strong antioxidant properties. These antioxidants play a crucial role in neutralizing harmful free radicals in the body, reducing oxidative stress, and protecting cells from damage. Studies have shown that the potent antioxidant activity of oregano may contribute to its potential to support immune function, promote cardiovascular health, and even have anti-inflammatory effects. Incorporating oregano into our meals not only enhances the taste but also provides us with a natural and flavorful way to boost our antioxidant intake and support overall well-being.
What Is the Nutritional Content of Oregano Leaves?
A teaspoon of oregano leaves can boost the vitamin K intake (which contributes to around 14 percent of the recommended daily intake). Vitamin K is essential for bone metabolism and blood health. In addition, an individual also gets a boost in Vitamin A, Vitamin C, Vitamin E, Folate, Niacin, and Vitamin B6. It is interesting to note that there are almost no calories in oregano. According to the United States Department of Agriculture (USDA), one teaspoon of ground oregano provides only around five calories. On the other hand, one teaspoon of oregano leaves provides only three calories. Hence, it is an excellent add-on to most of the limited-calorie diets popularly recommended by nutritionists around the globe.
What Are the Available Forms of Oregano?
Oregano is found in most grocery stores in a ground or spice form. Oregano spices should be ideally stored within a cool, dark, and dry space away from the stove in the kitchen.
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Fresh oregano leaves and spices are found in the produce section of the market. It is important to note that the purchase of bright green and healthy oregano leaves is recommended.
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Further, at home, one must wrap the oregano leaves in a paper towel to store in the refrigerator until they are ready to be used.
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Fresh, ground, or dried oregano leaves are popular elements of many Italian and Greek dishes. Moreover, they are a common ingredient in spaghetti sauce and Italian pizza.
What Are the Contraindications of Oregano Consumption?
Individuals allergic to mint (or other plants in the mint family) may experience an allergic reaction when they consume oregano in any form.
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Oregano or oregano oil may not be safe for pregnant or breastfeeding women, as very limited research exists on the effects of oregano at this stage. Hence, nutritionists and dieticians advise avoiding its use during pregnancy and lactation.
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People suffering from bleeding disorders or indicated for undergoing surgery/ surgical procedures (within two weeks duration) should not self-medicate or use oregano in any form until they consult or talk to their healthcare provider.
What Are the Possible Substitutes for Oregano?
It is interesting to see different versions of Turkish, Greek, or Italian oregano in the market. Each type of oregano has a different look and taste based on the country from which it is imported. Oregano is often called oregano "wild marjoram" because of the similar taste it shares with "marjoram.” If oregano is not available, one can use similarly flavored marjoram as a potential substitute in sauces, pasta, or pizzas. However, because of the stronger flavor of oregano compared to marjoram, one may need to use more marjoram depending on the recipe.
Conclusion
Oregano has many medicinal benefits. Further, oregano leaves and spices can be used in a versatile way and as add-ons in any dish to boost micronutrients. It is also a part of many low-calorie diets. Further, the oregano plant holds great economic relevance as a culinary herb in the food industry. Hence, oregano can be rightly used in the food, health, and agricultural sectors.
