Genetic mutation is a change in the sequence of DNA that occurs during cell division, radiation exposure, exposure to mutagens, or viral infection. Germline mutations occur in the reproductive cells like the sperm or egg, thereby passing onto the offspring. In contrast, somatic mutation takes place in the body's cells and so does not pass on. Cystic fibrosis, sickle cell anemia, etc., are few examples of inherited genetic disorders which involve single gene mutation.
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