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Damage or defect in one of the four heart valves, which are the mitral, aortic, tricuspid, and pulmonary, is called valvular heart disease. Here, one or more valves do not function properly, causing disrupted blood flow to and from the heart. The symptoms include heart murmur, fatigue, shortness of breath, ankle and feet swelling, dizziness, irregular heartbeat, and loss of consciousness. These problems are either caused when the valves do not close properly (regurgitation) or the valves become thick or stiff (stenosis) or absence of valve formation (atresia). Such valve problems might lead to more serious conditions like heart failure, stroke, blood clots, heart arrhythmias, and ultimately death. The surgical treatment options include heart valve repair and heart valve replacement.